What do you call the ends of a long bone?

The ends of a long bone are referred to as epiphyses. This term specifically identifies the areas at both ends of a long bone, which are separated from the main shaft or body of the bone known as the diaphysis. The epiphyses are typically covered with articular cartilage and are involved in the formation of joints, allowing for smooth movement between bones. Additionally, these regions contain spongy bone and red marrow, playing a crucial role in the production of blood cells.

In contrast, the diaphysis refers to the central or shaft portion of the long bone, the cortex is the outer layer of bone tissue, and the periosteum is the fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of bones, providing support and serving as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments. Understanding the structural components of bones is essential for the study of orthopedic technology and aids in recognizing their roles in overall body mechanics and function.