What bony structure of the humerus articulates with the olecranon process?

The trochlea of the humerus is the bony structure that articulates with the olecranon process of the ulna. This joint connection forms a pivotal component of the elbow joint. The trochlea is a spool-shaped structure located on the distal end of the humerus, which allows for smooth movement during flexion and extension of the elbow. When the forearm is extended, the olecranon process fits snugly into the trochlear notch of the ulna, effectively forming a hinge joint that facilitates the bending and straightening of the arm.

The other options do not serve this articulating function. The capitulum articulates with the head of the radius, allowing for pronation and supination of the forearm. The surgical neck is an area of the humerus that is more related to fracture risk and does not participate in articulation with the ulna. The greater tubercle is a site for muscle attachment and does not engage with the olecranon process. Understanding these anatomical relationships is crucial in the field of orthopedic technology, especially concerning joint mechanics and potential injury sites.