How can a compound fracture be identified?

A compound fracture, also known as an open fracture, is characterized by a fracture in which the broken bone pierces through the skin, creating an open wound. This is a significant concern because it increases the risk of infection and other complications due to exposure of the bone to the external environment.

Identifying a compound fracture primarily hinges on this key characteristic. Though swelling around the injury, the presence of hematoma, and loss of function in the limb may accompany the injury, they do not definitively indicate a compound fracture. These elements can be present in various types of fractures, including simple or closed fractures. Therefore, the distinguishing feature of a compound fracture is indeed the actual breaking of the skin by the bone.