Gliding joints primarily allow what kind of movement?

Gliding joints primarily allow sliding or gliding movements between the articulating surfaces. These joints involve flat or slightly curved surfaces that move past one another, enabling limited motion in various directions, which is essential for the flexibility and range of motion in certain parts of the body. A prime example of gliding joints can be seen in the carpal bones of the wrist, which allow for a smooth, gliding motion as the bones move against each other during wrist movements.

In contrast, other types of movements specified in the other options do not accurately describe the nature of gliding joints. For instance, rotation is a characteristic of pivot joints. Flexion and extension occur primarily at hinge joints, while contraction and expansion describe muscle activity rather than joint movement. Therefore, the characteristic sliding movement is defining for gliding joints and establishes them as crucial contributors to overall joint flexibility and mobility.